Archaeologists Uncover Massive 2,250-Year-Old Monument Beneath Ancient Roman City
By University of Missouri-ColumbiaNovember 24, 2025
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An aerial view of the ancient Roman city of Gabii, located just 11 miles east of Rome. Credit: Marcello Mogetta
A newly discovered monumental basin in Gabii hints at how early Romans experimented with city planning long before Romes own layers were buried.
In the center of the ancient city of Gabii, just 11 miles east of Rome, archaeologists led by University of Missouri professor Marcello Mogetta have uncovered an extraordinary find: a large stone-lined basin cut partly into the natural rock.
The structure dates to around 250 B.C., and some sections may be even older. Researchers believe it could represent one of the earliest forms of Roman monumental architecture beyond temples and defensive walls.
According to Mogetta, who leads Mizzous Department of Classics, Archaeology and Religion, such large-scale construction served purposes that extended beyond practicality.
This discovery gives us a rare look at how the early Romans experimented with city planning, he said. Its location at the center of the city near the main crossroads suggests it may have been a monumental pool that was part of the citys forum, or the heart of public life in Roman towns. Since archaeologists still dont fully know what the early Roman Forum truly looked like, Gabii provides an invaluable window into its development.
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